Suffix and Prefix.

 

 

Suffix and Prefix.

Suffix and prefix are linguistic elements that are added to the beginning or end of a word to modify its meaning or create a new word. They are essential components of word formation in the English language.

 

Prefix:

A prefix is an affix, which is a group of letters added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning. Prefixes are used to create new words or change the meaning of the base word.

Some common prefixes include:

Un-: This prefix is used to denote the opposite or negation of a word. For example, "happy" becomes "unhappy" when you add "un-" at the beginning.

Re-: This prefix indicates repetition or going back to a previous state. For instance, "do"

Re-: Indicating "again" or "back." Example: Rewrite (write again).

becomes "redo" with the addition of "re-."

Mis-: It implies a wrong or incorrect action. "Understand" changes to "misunderstand" with the prefix "mis-."

Mis-: Indicating "wrong" or "badly." Example: Misunderstand (understand wrongly).

Pre-: It signifies something that happens before. "Heat" becomes "preheat" with the inclusion of "pre-."

Sub-: This prefix means under or less than. For example, "marine" becomes "submarine" with "sub-" added.

Dis-: It indicates negation or reversing an action. "Connect" turns into "disconnect" with "dis-."

Dis-: Signifying "not" or "opposite of." Example: Disagree (not agree).

Un-: Meaning "not" or "opposite." Example: Unhappy (not happy).

Pre-: Meaning "before" or "prior." Example: Preheat (heat before).

Sub-: Signifying "under" or "less than." Example: Submarine (underwater vessel).

Over-: Indicating "excessive" or "above." Example: Overcook (cook too much).

Under-: Meaning "below" or "less than." Example: Underestimate (estimate too low).

Anti-: Signifying "against" or "opposition." Example: Antibiotic (against bacteria).

Inter-: Indicating "between" or "among." Example: International (between nations).

Super-: Meaning "above" or "greater than." Example: Superhuman (above normal human abilities).

Bi-: Signifying "two" or "double." Example: Bilingual (speaking two languages).

Tri-: Indicating "three." Example: Tricycle (a vehicle with three wheels).

Mono-: Meaning "one" or "single." Example: Monochrome (a single color).

Post-: Signifying "after" or "following." Example: Postwar (after a war).

Ex-: Indicating "former" or "out of." Example: Ex-president (former president).

Co-: Meaning "together" or "with." Example: Cooperation (working together).

Non-: Signifying "not" or "without." Example: Nonfiction (not fiction).

Auto-: Indicating "self" or "automatic." Example: Autopilot (self-steering).

Hemi-: Meaning "half" or "partial." Example: Hemisphere (half of the Earth).

Micro-: Signifying "small" or "tiny." Example: Microscope (a small viewer).

Macro-: Indicating "large" or "long." Example: Macroeconomic (study of large-scale economics).

 

Suffix:

A suffix is an affix added to the end of a word to modify its meaning, create a new word, or change its grammatical form.

Some common suffixes include:

-ed: This suffix is added to regular verbs to indicate past tense. For example, "walk" becomes "walked."

-ing: It is added to verbs to create the present participle form. For instance, "run" becomes "running."

-ly: This suffix is used to form adverbs from adjectives. "Quick" becomes "quickly."

-er: It is used to form comparative adjectives or nouns. "Fast" becomes "faster," or "teach" becomes "teacher."

-ful: This suffix adds the sense of fullness or having a lot of something. "Wonder" becomes "wonderful."

-ness: It is used to create nouns that indicate a state or quality. "Happiness" is derived from "happy" with the addition of "-ness."

 

Understanding suffixes is crucial for students as it helps them analyse word structure, comprehend word meanings, and improve their reading and writing skills.

Both prefixes and suffixes play a significant role in word formation and can help students expand their vocabulary, improve their comprehension of texts, and become more proficient in the English language.

 

Exercise 1: Identify the Prefix

In this exercise, identify the prefix in each word and write it down.

1) Unhappy

2) Disagree

3) Preheat

4) Rebuild

5) Postwar

6) Antihero

7) Submarine

8) Superhuman

9) Misinform

10) Interact

 

Exercise 2: Complete the Word with the Correct Prefix

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prefix to complete each word.

1.__________do (to do again)

2.__________cover (to cover with a substance beforehand)

3.__________like (not easy to like)

4.__________mediate (to mediate between two parties)

5.__________legal (not legal)

6.__________race (a race with three participants)

7.__________play (to play together)

8.__________mobile (a device that can move on its own)

9.__________perfect (not perfect)

10.__________famous (known by many people)

 

Exercise 3: Create Your Own Words

Using the following base words, add a suitable prefix to create new words. Be creative!

 

1)      Cycle

2)      Respect

3)      Appear

4)      Balance

5)      Form

6)      Develop

7)      Ordinary

8)      Sensitive

9)      Connect

10)  Legal

 

(Answers: Exercise 1:  1. Unhappy (Prefix: Un-) 2. Disagree (Prefix: Dis-) 3. Preheat (Prefix: Pre-) 4. Rebuild (Prefix: Re-) 5. Postwar (Prefix: Post-) 6. Antihero (Prefix: Anti-) 7. Submarine (Prefix: Sub-) 8. Superhuman (Prefix: Super-) 9. Misinform (Prefix: Mis-) 10. Interact (Prefix: Inter-)

Exercise 2:1. Redo 2. Precover 3. Unlike 4. Intermediary 5. Illegal 6. Trirace 7. Coplay 8. Automoblie 9. Imperfect 10. Infamous

Exercise 3: 1. Bicycle 2. Disrespect 3. Disappear 4. Imbalance 5. Reform 6. Undevelop 7. Extraordinary 8. Insensitive 9. Disconnect 10. Illegal)

 

Prefix Exercises:

Exercise 1: Match the Prefix:

Match each prefix with the correct meaning by drawing a line from the prefix to its meaning.

 

1.Un- a. Before

2.Re- b. Not

3.Mis- c. Again

4.Pre- d. Against

5.Anti- e. Wrong

6.Inter- f. Under

6.Super- g. Between

 

Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks:

Complete the sentences with the appropriate prefix to make the sentence meaningful.

1.      It's __________ to assume that everyone will agree with you.

2.      She __________ the document to correct the errors.

3.      The team had an __________ meeting to discuss the project.

4.      The superhero had __________ strength and abilities.

5.      I hope I didn't __________ your instructions.

 

Suffix Exercises:

Exercise 3: Match the Suffix:

Match each suffix with the correct meaning by drawing a line from the suffix to its meaning.

 

-ed a. Full of

-ing b. More

-ly c. One who

-ful d. In the manner of

-er e. Past tense

-est f. Without

-less g. Comparative

 

Exercise 4: Complete the Words:

Add the appropriate suffix to the base word to complete the words.

1.      Happ__________ (the state of being happy)

2.      Care__________ (someone who cares for others)

3.      Danger__________ (the most dangerous situation)

4.      Music__________ (the act of making music)

5.      Fear__________ (lacking fear)

 

Mixed Prefix and Suffix Exercises:

 

Exercise 5: Create Words:

Combine the given base words with both a suitable prefix and suffix to create new words.

1.      Friend

2.      Success

3.      Believe

4.      Connect

5.      Develop

 

Answers:

Prefix Exercises:

Exercise 1:

1.        Un- (b. Not)

2.        Re- (c. Again)

3.        Mis- (e. Wrong)

4.        Pre- (a. Before)

5.        Anti- (d. Against)

6.        Inter- (g. Between)

7.        Super- (f. Under)

 

Exercise 2

It's unwise to assume that everyone will agree with you.

She revised the document to correct the errors.

The team had an intermediate meeting to discuss the project.

The superhero had superhuman strength and abilities.

I hope I didn't misinterpret your instructions.

 

Suffix Exercises:

Exercise 3:

-ed (e. Past tense)

-ing (d. In the manner of)

-ly (a. Full of)

-ful (b. More)

-er (c. One who)

-est (g. Comparative)

-less (f. Without)

 

Exercise 4:

Happiness

Caregiver

Dangerous

Musicking

Fearless

 

Mixed Prefix and Suffix Exercises:

Exercise 5:

Friendliness

Successful

Believer

Connection

Developer